다수의 문제(the Problem of the Many)의 한 가지 버전. 기치(Geach, 1980)는 최소한 1000개의 털을 가지고 있는 고양이 티블스를 상상해 보자고 제안한 뒤 다음과 같이 논증한다:
이제 c가 매트 위에 있는 가장 큰 연속적 고양이 조직 덩어리라고 하자. 그렇다면 우리가 가진 1000개의 고양이 털 중 임의의 털, hn에 대해, 정확히 c에서 털 hn만 제외하고 포함하는 c의 진부분 cn이 있다; 그리고 그러한 각각의 부분 cn은 기술 가능한 방식으로, 그와 같은 다른 모든 부분 cm, 그리고 전체인 c와 구별된다. 게다가, 고양이 개념이 불명확하다고 하더라도, c뿐만 아니라 어떠한 부분 cn도 고양이임이 분명하다: 털 hn이 뽑힌다면 cn은 분명 고양이일 것이며, 우리는 털 하나를 뽑는 것이 고양이를 생성해낸다고 합리적으로 생각할 수 없을 것이기에, 따라서 cn 역시 이미 고양이었어야 할 것이다. 그러므로, 우리의 이야기와는 반대로, "티블스"라고 불리는 한 마리의 고양이만 매트에 앉아 있는 것이 아니다; 최소한 거기에는 1001마리가 존재하는 것이다!
Now let c be the largest continuous mass of feline tissue on the mat. Then for any of our 1,000 cat-hairs, say hn, there is a proper part cn of c which contains precisely all of c except the hair hn; and every such part cn differs in a describable way both from any other such part, say, cm, and from c as a whole. Moreover, fuzzy as the concept cat may be, it is clear that not only is c a cat, but also any part cn is a cat: cn would clearly be a cat were the hair hn plucked out, and we cannot reasonably suppose that plucking out a hair generates a cat, so cn must already have been a cat. So, contrary to our story, there was not just one cat called "Tibbles" sitting on the mat; there were at least 1,001 sitting there! (p. 215)
과연 매트 위에는 몇 마리의 고양이가 존재하는가?
참고 문헌
P. T. Geach (1980). Reference and Generality (3rd ed.). Ithaca: Cornell University Press.
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